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Inferential statistics Python Notes

Which Python method in statsmodels module is used to perform a hypothesis test for a population proportion?

proportions_ztest(counts, nobs, value) is used to perform hypothesis test for a population proportion.

proportions_ztest can be imported from the statsmodels.stats.proportion library using the following command:

from statsmodels.stats.proportion import proportions_ztest
proportions_ztest(counts, nobs, value)

Output

(1.134556764847714, .53258567853367)

proportions_ztest returns the z-score and the two-tailed p-value for the z-test.

Which Python scipy.stats submodule is used to calculate a confidence interval based on the Student’s t-distribution?

Form the scipy.stats submodule, st.t.intervals is used to calculate a confidence interval for a variable based on the t-distribution

Example

import scipy.stats as st
print(st.t.interval(confindenece_level, degrees_of_freedon, mean, standard_error))

Output

(425.85746575867464, 432.98768674649464)

st.t.intervals returns the confidence interval for the variable based on the t-distribution

What are the inputs to proportions_ztest method?

proportions_ztest can be imported from the statsmodels.stats.proportion library using the following command:

from statsmodels.stats.proportion import proportions_ztest
proportions_ztest(counts, nobs, value)

The inputs for proportions_ztest are count, nobs, and value

Which Python method from the scipy.stats submodule is used to calculate a confidence interval based on the Normal Distribution?

st.norm.interval is the method used from scipy.stats submodule to calculate a confidence interval based on the Normal Distribution

Example

import scipy.stats as st
print(st.norm.interval(confidence_level, sample_mean, standard_error))

Output

(425.85746575867464, 432.98768674649464)

st.norm.intervals returns the confidence interval for the variable based on the a normal distribution.

What are the inputs to ztest method in Python?

The inputs to ztest are dataframe and population_mean

Example

from statsmodels.stats.weightstats import ztest
import pandas as pd
dataframe = pd.read_csv(some_url)
print(ztest(x1 = dataframe,  value = pupulation_mean))

ztest returns the z-score and the t-tailed p-value

Which Python module is used to create confidence intervals

The Pythong scipy is used to create confidence intervals.

Example

import scipy.stats as st
print(st.norm.interval(confidence_level, sample_mean, standard_error))
print(st.t.interval(confindenece_level, degrees_of_freedon, mean, standard_error))

st.norm.intervals returns the confidence interval for the variable based on the a normal distribution.

st.t.intervals returns the confidence interval for the variable based on the t-distribution

Which Python method is used to perform hypothesis testing for a population mean when the population standard deviation is unknown

ttest_1samp(dataframe, null hypothesis value) is used to perform hypothesis testing for a population mean when the population standard deviation is unknown

Example

import scipy.stats as st
import pandas as pd
datafram = pd.read_csv(some_url)
print(st.stats.ttest_1samp(dataframe, hypothesized_population_mean))

ttest_1samp returns the t-statistic and two-tailed p-value.

Which Python method is used to perform hypothesis testing for a population mean when the population standard deviation is known

ztest(dataframe, null_hypothesis_value) is used to perform hypothesis testing for a population mean when the population standard deviation is known

Example

import statsmodels.stats.weightstats import ztest
import pandas as pd
datafram = pd.read_csv(some_url)
print(ztest(dataframe, hypothesized_population_mean))

ztest returns the z-score and the two-tailed p-value.

What are the inputs to ttest_ind method in the scipy module?

st.ttest_ind(dataFrame['One'], dataFrame['Two']) takes two DataFrame columns of equal length as input.

st.ttest_ind(dataFrame['One'], dataFrame['Two']) returns the calculated t-statistic and the p-value.

Which Python method is used to perform a hypothesis test for the difference in two population proportions

The proportions_ztest() is imported from the statsmodels.stats.proportion submodule and is used to perform a hypothesis test for the difference in two population proportions

Example

 from statsmodels.stats.proportion import proportions_ztest
proportions_ztest(array_of_samples_meating_condition, array_of_number_of_samples_in_each_group)

The function returns the z-score and the two-tailed p-value

Which Python method is used to perform an unpaired t-test for the difference in two population means?

st.ttest_ind(x, y) is used to perform an unpaired t-test for the difference in two population means

Example

import scipy.stats as st
import pandas as pd
dataframe = pd.read_csv(some_url)
st.ttest_ind(dataframe['One'], dataframe['Two'])